Concussion in adolescence and risk of multiple sclerosis
- PMID: 28869671
- DOI: 10.1002/ana.25036
Concussion in adolescence and risk of multiple sclerosis
Abstract
Objective: To assess whether concussion in childhood or adolescence is associated with subsequent multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. Previous research suggests an association, but methodological limitations included retrospective data collection and small study populations.
Methods: The national Swedish Patient Register (hospital diagnoses) and MS Register were used to identify all MS diagnoses up to 2012 among people born since 1964, when the Patient Register was established. The 7,292 patients with MS were matched individually with 10 people without MS by sex, year of birth, age/vital status at MS diagnosis, and region of residence (county), resulting in a study population of 80,212. Diagnoses of concussion and control diagnoses of broken limb bones were identified using the Patient Register from birth to age 10 years or from age 11 to 20 years. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine associations with MS.
Results: Concussion in adolescence was associated with a raised risk of MS, producing adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 1.22 (1.05-1.42, p = 0.008) and 2.33 (1.35-4.04, p = 0.002) for 1 diagnosis of concussion and >1 diagnosis of concussion, respectively, compared with none. No notable association with MS was observed for concussion in childhood, or broken limb bones in childhood and adolescence.
Interpretation: Head trauma in adolescence, particularly if repeated, is associated with a raised risk of future MS, possibly due to initiation of an autoimmune process in the central nervous system. This further emphasizes the importance of protecting young people from head injuries. Ann Neurol 2017;82:554-561.
© 2017 American Neurological Association.
Comment in
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Multiple sclerosis: Concussion during adolescence linked to increased risk of MS.Nat Rev Neurol. 2017 Nov;13(11):640. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2017.135. Epub 2017 Sep 15. Nat Rev Neurol. 2017. PMID: 28914886 No abstract available.
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Reply to "concussion may not cause multiple sclerosis".Ann Neurol. 2017 Oct;82(4):652-653. doi: 10.1002/ana.25062. Ann Neurol. 2017. PMID: 28976595 No abstract available.
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Concussion may not cause multiple sclerosis.Ann Neurol. 2017 Oct;82(4):651-652. doi: 10.1002/ana.25061. Epub 2017 Oct 14. Ann Neurol. 2017. PMID: 28976601 No abstract available.
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